Tonight, a second-form student at Edward P. York High School is sharing her struggle to get to school on time from Crooked Tree Village. The extensive flooding caused by Tropical Storm Sara means villagers can only travel in and out by boat. Previously, students relied on local water taxis, but now they’re getting help from NEMO and the Belize Coast Guard. However, fourteen-year-old Hannah Perriott says the inconvenience is starting to wear on the students in the area.
Britney Gordon
“So can you tell me a little bit about the struggle that you have been experiencing to get to class? When you have to get up in the morning, what do you see when you’re out there?”
Hannah Perriott
Hannah Perriott, Resident, Crooked Tree
“Well, when we mi di go down di other day, we had to walk in our water, fi get to the boat. And all different type of things like that.”
Britney Gordon
“How early do you have to get up to go to class?”
Hannah Perriott
“Like three o’clock we have fi get up fi get ready and go to catch the boat.”
Britney Gordon
“And when you get to school, are you finding it difficult to stay awake and pay attention?”
Hannah Perriott
“Yes, ma’am very difficult because like, wake up to early and then when yo sleep on the bus, it feel like yo noh have enough time for sleep and recover from things like that.”
Britney Gordon
“And, by the time you get home, what’s the struggle like then, when it’s time to come home after school?”
Hannah Perriott
“The boat come and go and come and go, some times you reach home, like six-thirty soh.”
Britney Gordon
“And then, you have to do homework after that as well?”
Hannah Perriott
“Yes ma’am.”
Britney Gordon
“Do you think it would be easier if you were taking online classes instead?”
Hannah Perriott
“I think it would be easier because you don’t have to up and down and wake up like that early anymore.”
Britney Gordon
“Do you have any classmates that haven’t been coming to school, or any friends that you know in the area that hasn’t been going to school because it’s too difficult?”
Hannah Perriott
“Yes ma’am. A few friends weh noh di go da school.”
While the residents of Crooked Tree appreciate the government’s efforts to ease the challenges of getting in and out of the village, they’re still hoping for long-term solutions. Resident Steve Anthony Perriott shared that villagers face significant hardships after every storm. He emphasized the need for better solutions to reduce the struggles faced by the younger generations.
Steve Anthony Perriott, Resident, Crooked Tree
“The kids were trying to get to school because the Ministry of Education failed to put out any directive on the kids that are in the flooded areas. So they had kids getting up, lining up out there, you know, bare feet and eventually some of them missed the bus or they missed the boat. So that was a problem. But again, we act surprised. And when I say we, I mean everybody in flooded areas. We act surprised when this happen. This is happening a lot. So, I watch people trying to figure out where the water gonna go. We know where it’s gonna go. We know how long it’s gonna take to get there. But every time the water go down, we forget about it. We go about, and the next time it happen, we surprised again.”
Earlier this month, Tropical Storm Sara unleashed heavy downpours across the country, causing severe flooding in Northern and Western Belize. After two weeks, the floodwaters made their way down to Burrell Boom, rapidly inundating residential areas and roads. Today, News Five’s Britney Gordon caught up with some of the villagers who have been forced to leave their homes as the waters continue to rise.
Britney Gordon, Reporting
Residents of Burrell Boom are evacuating as excessive flooding takes its toll. As of today, one of the three main entrances to the village is completely inaccessible, and water levels are steadily rising at the other two. Village Councilor Ellis Metzgen shared some insights on the ongoing relief efforts to help those affected.
Ellis Metzgen, Councilor, Burrell Boom
“The relief efforts began early Thursday morning when me and the rest of the council we decided to take a early look at all this water that we know was up west of the country in Cayo and has to come down this side. We started with some preliminary work by first off setting up that marker over that side to at least give us a rough idea of how quick the water is coming up. Apart from that, then we teamed up along with the Segura family to ensure that they started getting all their appliances and any stuff that could potentially be damaged from water up to higher grounds, and then started to prepare the initial hurricane shelter that we were utilizing, and then thereafter we moved them to a more comfortable place.”
Residents knew there was a risk of flooding, but they never expected this much water without any rainfall. The village council’s marker shows that nearly four feet of water has poured in since Thursday, and it’s still rising. Carolee Staine, who lives right across from the river, hasn’t seen the river water reach her property yet, but the pond water has already made its way into her home.
Carolee Staine, Resident, Burrel Boom
“Oh my goodness. I’m not even sure I’m going to find the right words. It’s just so much water. I’m still here because honestly, we didn’t expect it to come this high. We were hopeful. I was hopeful up until this morning. I did evacuate some of my stuff yesterday and I said that I would put some on cement blocks. But apparently, that’s not going to work. I already have water about two inches of water inside my house. And so we have to move everything from inside.”
Staine explains that residents anticipate some flooding every year. However, she has never witnessed flooding of this intensity without rainfall.
Carolee Staine
“I keep asking my uncle, like, how is the water in Cayo? As that the water has to come down. And that’s what we’re always waiting on. But like you said, rain usually accompanies it. And without the rain, I guess that’s why everybody was saying it wouldn’t come this high. We don’t have anything to worry about.”
The water level is rising at an alarming rate as it flows into the Belize River and a nearby pond. Resident Selvin Segura shared that at least three feet of water have already flooded his house, forcing his wife and children to evacuate. Meanwhile, he’s staying behind to help his neighbors with his boat.
Selvin Segura Sr., Resident, Burrell Boom
“Well, every day since the water come up. When the vehicle ney can’t get across the water on both ends. From this end and the roundabout on the other end, then we just take the dory. Today, one of my sons is going to take the other canoe today round at that other end over the side to traverse people.”
Helping his neighbors with his dory is something Segura does regularly whenever a storm hits. However, even he was caught off guard by the severity of this year’s flood.
Selvin Segura Sr
“Well the height, I never expect the height. We know wa big capacity of water coming down sake of the weather weh passed the other day but we don’t know what amount what capacity of water wa come up what volume of water will come up until it reach right.”
As the waters continue to rise, so do the concerns of residents over whether they will be able to enter and leave the village in the oncoming days.
Ellis Metzgen
“It’s not recommendable for any vehicles or anything to pass through here. Along the bypass, the water is also raising consistently I would assume by this evening or early tomorrow morning that area will as well become impassable for small cars and pickups. And then coming from the west side through Hattieville, the water is already across the road by the garbage dump and it’s rising a bit as well too. So we have to continue to monitor over that side as well.”
The floodwaters making their way into the Belize District have also impacted residents of Lords Bank Village. Those living near the Belize River and in low-lying areas are the hardest hit. Several feet of water have turned some houses into islands, forcing villagers to evacuate. Earlier today, we spoke with an elderly resident who shared that, although the water hasn’t entered his home, he’s finding it difficult to navigate his own front yard. Here’s more on that.
Albert Watler, Resident, Lords Bank
“Everything was cool until when the storm come down, you know? When the rain started to come. But when it start rain hard, we done know it di flood from uo yonder. So everything weh come down ya da fi we.”
Britney Gordon
“About how long you di see the flooding in this area now?”
Albert Watler
“Bout four five days. Ih di go now, it seem.”
Britney Gordon
“And it’s made its way inside your house?”
Albert Watler
“No. no, fi we house dry. And so, what you’ve seen for your neighbors, uh, about how high is it in the neighbors that have low houses?”
Britney Gordon
“Has it been difficult to go in and out of your yards?”
Albert Watler
“Yeah, very very [difficult].”
Britney Gordon
“How long do you think it will be until the water goes down?”
Albert Watler
“I da seh bout five days more. Five days maybe, once ih noh rain it gwen down.”
Britney Gordon
“There are some areas where the water has made its way above their porches.”
Albert Watler
“Yeah I know. When the hurricane mi come wa time deh up deh but ney had a boat way ya di come. But ih noh get to that height yet.”
Britney Gordon
“So you guys are good here, but for those people?”
According to George Tillett, the Chairman of Crooked Tree Village, flooding has become a more frequent issue in the community. He recalls that when he was growing up, the lagoon would flood about once every ten years. Now, he’s noticed it overflowing every four to five years. Tillett has proposed a solution that some might find unconventional: building a spillway from the lagoon to the New River to help mitigate the flooding.
George Tillett
George Tillett, Chairman, Crooked Tree
“You ask about long term solution, well I have made a proposal to the government, because the Crooked Tree Lagoon is a basin for all the water coming up from Cayo, Guatemala, Benque and the solution is, we did a fly over in the peek of the flooding season one year ago and we found out that the New River is below us. It is only like two miles away from our water body. So, my solution to them is if they would dig a channel, like an overspill, probably about four feet deep, twenty feet wide, all the way to New River, then our land, our roads, wouldn’t be flooded, because whenever it reaches a certain level it would empty out into the New River, which will alleviate our flooding and pump fresh waters into the stagnant waters of New River.”
Earlier this week, marine experts raised alarm about Belize’s lobster stocks being overfished, warning that without urgent action, this valuable resource could soon be depleted. A former fisheries officer, however, had a different take, suggesting that climate effects and boat interference might be to blame for the lobster scarcity in some areas. He also pointed out that there isn’t enough research yet to definitively say overfishing is the cause. But the fishermen we spoke with, along with lobster expert Doctor Daniel Pauly, disagreed. Here’s Part Three of the Lobster Stocks story by Marion Ali.
Marion Ali, Reporting
Dr. Pauly debunks this theory and says there are indeed studies that have shown how and why lobsters disappear from certain areas, and it’s as simple as over-exploitation. That factor, Pauly says, has driven lobster stocks to the point of depletion in those areas.
Dr. Daniel Pauly
Dr. Daniel Pauly
“When a fishery begins, it is always the ones that are closer to the coast, closer to the cities, closer to the ports that are depleted first, that are fished first. Why? Because you have a low cost of transport with a boat and fuel costs and so on. So, it’s always like that, that in fisheries as the fishery develops, the fishers must go further off because the ones that were near are depleted, are gone. So, this is not because the animals move; this is because humans have removed the animals that were close, so you have to go further off. And anybody who tells you that the fish have moved, or the lobster have moved, this is the reason why they are not there anymore – anybody who says that doesn’t know anything about fisheries, because this is the strongest pattern that happens in fisheries.”
The Sea Around Us Initiative conducted its own independent research to bolster this position, and the results of the study were published in March of this year. In agreement with the data coming out of these research exercises (slides attached in Dr Pauly’s folder) are the findings of lobster expert, Dr Mark Butler. He shared information about how lobsters breed.
Mark Butler
Mark Butler, Lobster Expert
“Quite literally, the female produces an odor, a scent, that’s released into the water column. And that is what the males are then attracted to the females and come to find the females. But the mating process requires female acceptance.
They tend to mate sort of size-assorted. What that means is the smaller lobsters tend to mate with smaller lobsters. The bigger lobsters tend to mate with bigger lobsters. And one of the reasons for this, and a lot of our research has shown, is that, for example, if a small lobster mates with her, he cannot fertilize all her eggs because bigger lobsters produce more sperm to fertilize than do small lobsters. So big females have to have a big male to mate with.”
After the male transfers the sperm in a black packet on the underside of the female, she releases her eggs and scratches the tar spot open, which releases the sperm from the packet. She fertilizes her eggs, and they attach to her tail for approximately three weeks while they develop. During that time, the female lobsters take care of the eggs, grooms them and oxygenates them and releases them, usually further offshore, since larvae can’t survive in inshore waters. The eggs travel in the sea ocean for about 7 months and go through 24 stages. Depending on ocean currents, the last larvae stage called the perilous post larvae can literally smell the inshore and come in at night on a flood tide around the new moon. They seek inshore habitats in shallow waters that have algae, mangroves and rocks. This is why Butler says it is important for the Fisheries Department to protect these areas, to give the baby lobsters a chance to mature and reproduce. The maturation stage takes 18 to 24 months before they can reproduce. Lobsters reproduce every year and can live up to about 15 years, once they are not caught.
Back out on the patrol, the team searched the two fishing camps, but nothing illegal materialized. They pressed on, looking for more boats returning with their catch for the day. There was none that afternoon. The Ministry of the Blue Economy and the Belize Fisheries Department provided us with data that shows the most recent statistics on lobster tail production. Their slides show that the production of lobster tails increased over the past 22 years and claim that in 2001, Belize produced 440,000 pounds of tails for export, while in 2023, the figure increased to 636,877 pounds. This converts to US $11.7 million in export revenues, though the government did not explain the methodology upon which their results are based.
On the afternoon we accompanied the team, and it did not find any undersized lobster during their raids and searches. Belize’s revised fisheries law stipulates that for every undersized lobster tail found, there is a fine of a minimum of $50 per tail, along with a minimum of $1,000 for fishing for undersized commercial species. Marion Ali for News Five.
On Wednesday night, News Five’s Marion Ali kicked off an environmental series on the state of Belize’s lobster stocks. Research from independent NGOs like the Sea Around Us and the Belize Federation of Fishers warns that overfishing has pushed our lobster populations to dangerously low levels, and without strict measures, they could be wiped out. These findings have been presented to the Government. We also hear from two experienced fishermen who confirm that overfishing is indeed a problem. Tonight, we’ll hear from the experts representing these organizations. Here’s News Five’s Marion Ali with more.
Marion Ali, Reporting
Authorities are relying on a shift in its management policy that now require the legal-size of lobster tails fished to weigh more than four ounces, along with ramped-up patrols as part of the Blue Bond arrangement (a debt for nature swap) that Belize and The Nature Conservancy signed to in 2021 to give the lobster stocks time to multiply. As a result of the agreement with The Nature Conservancy, Belize must declare and protect at least 30% of our sea spaces. It’s an exercise that Dr Butler says is necessary to protect the stocks that are there now.
Dr. Mark Butler
Dr. Mark Butler
“If it’s done right, they can support really healthy fisheries, you know, and it’s, and it’s, and we, as scientists, it’s one of the things we certainly want to do. We, we’re not trying to protect lobsters. We want to protect the long-term sustainability of the fisheries for the fishermen. We recognize that. But, you know, we humans, if we are not watched and regulated and so on and so forth, we tend to overuse our resources. And that’s why fishermen are just like the rest of us. And if there aren’t regulations, you know, then there could be problems with the fishery. So that’s why we need fishery regulations, not that we’re not trying to keep fishermen from catching fishes or lobsters in this case, we’re simply trying to manage it for the long term.”
Benedicto Perez has been a fisherman for 21 years. He told News Five that there are young fishermen who fish undersized marine products.
Benedicto Perez
Benedicto Perez, Fisherman
“Sometimes it does happen that the newcomers, the new fishermen coming into the industry, don’t have much experience about where to find them and how to find lobster. So they will come and they will just target the easiest thing out there, whatever it is fish, Illegal stuff, whatever – they’ll just go and target the easiest thing because they want to make money.”
Supporting Perez’ observation is Humberto Avilez, who has been fishing for 38 years. He agrees that there is overfishing of lobsters, and he attributes that to what he thinks is an overabundance of fishing licenses and not enough patrols.
Humberto Avilez
Humberto Avilez, Fisherman
“Right now there’s too many fishermen, not like when I used to fish. It was a little bit of fishermen. The boats now are carrying 15 men in one boat. Some are carrying 10 men in one boat. The sea is getting more populated, too many men, overfishing. They got one boat patrol in the morning. By the time he goh to five miles and come back, man, already … then it takes a whole day to come back. They need more patrols. That’s the only way they stop illegal fishing.”
Boat license. two, three, four, five, six; two more persons. Hampton Gamboa told News Five that asking fishermen to produce their fishing licenses has become standard procedure for every patrol, as well as is documenting what they find, including the names of the vessels moored at the locations where they are found. If anything is found to be awry, arrests follow, he assured.
Hampton Gamboa
Hampton Gamboa
“The highest registered commercial fishers for any one given year was 3,800 fishers, and that was a couple years ago – about 2021 or 22. This year so far, we are a little bit more than halfway through the year and we still haven’t had 3,000 fishermen come in as yet. So last year’s number dropped significantly.”
Benedicto Perez said that he has discovered that areas where lobster once populated are bare now and has also seen areas that never had them are populated now.
Benedicto Perez
“This year I have seen more abundant lobster in this particular area because the lobster – you need to understand and I have a lot of knowledge about lobster. My first two trips of this season I did it down south. Lobster was scarcely bad. Some people are saying that it’s because of illegal fishing – people from the neighboring countries coming close because it was all the way down south, so people are saying that. Maybe it could be or maybe it’s just the way lobsters migrate. Okay for me in that case it depends on the weather, tropical storms, cold fronts and things like that.”
Dwight Neal says he believes that there have not been sufficient independent studies done to definitively pinpoint the reasons why the lobsters now populate different areas, but he offered his opinion.
Dwight Neal
Dwight Neal, Marine Biologist
“There are several variables, climate change being one of them, changes in user patterns or usage patterns because if you notice, years ago, there were not as many boats around. There was not as much traffic, particularly between Belize City and San Pedro, that entire corridor that goes just west of St. George’s Caye and goes through Port of Stock and goes to Caye Caulker. When I started with the Fisheries Department many years ago, there were very few boats that were trafficking that area. Now there are boats almost every hour, almost every half an hour. So that in itself is a disturbance to the habitat. It’s incumbent on the scientists and the managers to investigate what’s happening there.”
This story was produced with support from Internews’ Earth Journalism Network.
This morning, the Forest Department and Belize Zoo staff sprang into action after a Hattieville resident reported a juvenile jaguar trapped in his storeroom. The young jaguar had been chased by dogs early in the morning and sought refuge inside the storeroom, where the quick-thinking property owner shut the doors, capturing it. The Forest Department and Belize Zoo team arrived, sedated the jaguar, and transported it to the zoo for care. The jaguar is now under the zoo’s watchful eye, where it will undergo a thorough health check. Plans are in place to relocate the jaguar to a secret location and fit it with a collar to monitor its movements closely. The Forest Department and its partners are committed to ensuring a balance between human safety and the wellbeing of our jaguar population. They will continue to respond to all reports of jaguar and wildlife issues across rural Belize.
Tonight, hundreds of residents in Belize River Valley are grappling with floodwaters that have surged in from western Belize. In Rancho Dolores, a community of two hundred and fifty villagers, everyone is hunkering down. The bridge leading into the village and a large stretch of the road are submerged. The river has been swollen for days, but it started rising rapidly overnight. Today, the Coast Guard had to step in to help residents receive basic necessities. During our visit, we saw floodwater creeping dangerously close to several homes, with a few already underwater. How long will the villagers be stuck? It’s anyone’s guess. News Five’s Paul Lopez visited the community today and filed this report.
Paul Lopez, Reporting
Most days, you can easily drive to Rancho Dolores Village. But today, the road and the bridge leading to this rural community are completely submerged under water.
Rudolph Reyes
Rudolph Reyes, Resident, Rancho Dolores
“I live dah Rancho and ih come like this four, five different times. But, for the past ten years before ih come like this again.”
Paul Lopez
“What we are on right now is the road.”
Rudolph Reyes
“Yes, this is the road. It is right here this morning that the Coast Guard truck stuck. Well ih nuh stuck, ih shet down and they had to get something to haul it. But, if deh haul it back way it stuck. So, they get a tractor and ih the over that side right now.”
Coast Guard personnel were dispatched to help transport residents. Navigating from one side of the bridge to the village is no easy task. The boat captain carefully steers along the flooded road, getting as close to the bridge as possible before crossing the swollen river.
Howard Casasola
Howard Casasola, Petty Officer, B.C.G.
“The call came to us about sixteen hundred yesterday. We got our crew, got ready and we deployed from our base our three hundred hours this morning. It was a lot of water. It was not the way that we thought, because we were told that it was only small vehicles that cannot pass. But when we got here we realized we do need a vessel. So, we get a vessel to come to this location. We had a schedule that we are running from right now, that is four-thirty in the morning, five thirty and six thirty, then we take a break and come back at four o’clock, five fifteen and six forty.”
These residents gathered by the riverside, eagerly waiting for the Bowen and Bowen truck to deliver cases of soda and beer. When they got the call that the truck was on the other side of the bridge, they quickly deployed a canoe from the village. The entire exchange felt like a throwback to the old days, before there was a bridge in the area.
Jude Joseph
Jude Joseph, Resident, Rancho Dolores
“Actually this water start come down yesterday between couple hours and now ih the look fuh tek over the bridge and right now we just the wait fuh we lee soft drink and water. I wah tell yo, to be truthful, in 2020 we had the same amount of water for election 2020. And we wait atleast three months before we could walk cross the bridge. So, Christmas we the look pan right deh, that is our Christmas right there coming. No access cross unless you go and come in the boat.”
Christmas is weeks ahead. And it is the least of Martina Belisle’s concern today. Floodwaters have crept into her backyard, threatening to invade her home. The sight brought back memories of November 2020, when floodwaters rose several feet inside her house.
Martina Belisle
Martina Belisle, Resident, Rancho Dolores
“Every time it comes like this it’s the same headache I have, every time. But I cannot do better, because I have to move everting out of my house and I don’t know where I will lay my head right now. I the watch the water because ih mih deh right back deh, And yesterday is the most it has raised dah last night. I get up twelve oclock and check water and I get up again four o’clock and never gone back gone sleep. Same way I start to pack.”
Chairlady Elsita Gillett says classes were cancelled for the day in the community. The school is now being used as a shelter for residents. At least to one family has sought refuge here.
Elsita Gillett
Elsita Gillett, Chairlady, Rancho Dolores
“Right now we have several homes that the water have not reached inside their home as yet, but the water is very close. We expect it to reach and continue to rise, we expect it to reach inside people’s home just like in 2020. We know every flood is different but we expect the same conditions if not worst. It is normally several feet down from the bridge. So for it to come this height we know it is a lot of water, and it is spreading.”
Downriver from Rancho Dolores, in the quiet village of Lemonal, quite a few residents had to pack up and leave their homes due to rising waters. Most of them are spending the night in shelters, but a handful chose to stay put and brave the swelling river. News Five’s Paul Lopez made his way to the village to get an up-close look at the unfolding flood situation. Here’s his report.
Paul Lopez, Reporting
In Lemonal, floodwaters from Tropical Storm Sara have almost reached the levels seen back in November 2020. Many riverside residents are finding their roads completely underwater, making it impossible to reach their homes. Aerial views reveal several roads submerged. Because of this, a boat had to be sent up the river to ferry villagers to a shelter at the village entrance.
Margarie McFadzean
Margarie McFadzean, Resident, Lemonal
“Hmp, mih house almost under water. We get here from about nine thirty.”
Paul Lopez
“And what point did you begin to see the water rise?”
Margarie McFadzean
“Water started to rise, well ih mih the up already, but ih come up more, because yesterday we mih the mark regular and when I check the last mark nine oclock it was about and over. Then this morning ih gone triple. Ih done eena kitchen? Sih deh gone home nuh to long.”
Margarie McFadzean is talking to her husband, who is lying on the cold concrete steps of the shelter, deep in thought about having to leave his chickens and sheep behind. And then there is Harrison Duhaney who is also seeking shelter in the church. He explained that the road leading to his house is approximately six feet underwater.
Harrison Duhaney
Harrison Duhaney, Resident, Lemonal
“Weh happen If you have a lee skiff you could take a look, but I don’t know how long this water will stay here. A lot of people get affected on both sides. That side and this side and so we are transferring some people right now to get rescue by the church. From there we have people coming down. WE have the boat running up suh. My spot really bad. I cant get no access nothing. I cant do nothing home there, nothing, everything for me is under water.”
Paul Lopez
“How high is the water on the roadway, can you walk it?”
Harrison Duhaney
“That is about five, six feet I will say. No you cant walk it. Ih nuh suh easy. Yo could if you are use to it. All like me, I could walk it, because I use to it. It is coming up very fast. Like every hour it is at a certain level, like maybe six, seven inches every hour.”
There’s no use trying to reach any of the homes where the roads are flooded. The memories of November 2020 still haunt the residents, leaving them fearful of being trapped if they stay inside. Despite this, Albert Banner and his sister have chosen to remain in their home, even as the floodwaters creep up from the river, nearly reaching their porch. They’ve taken to using a canoe to navigate to and from their elevated wooden house.
Albert Banner
Albert Banner, Resident, Lemonal
“Well this water come down like four days ago. But, it is the first time I witnessed it like that, because I lived in the states for a while. I’m staying here right now.”
Paul Lopez
“I gather that usually you could walk out.”
Albert Banner
“Nah, well yeah in the dry season you could walk out.”
Albert Banner
“Well I got to use my canoe to help my sister and thing.”
Paul Lopez
“How concerning is it that the water continues to rise?”
Albert Banner
“Well, I was asking her if it ever come this high before. She says yes, it comes here like five years before and higher. She told me it went into her house like a foot and a half.”
Paul Lopez
“What are your plans, what will you do for the rest of the day?”
Albert Banner
“Well we just monitor it you know, and if I got to move her away I will move her toa higher ground.”
During our visit, residents were informed that aid was on its way for those in the shelter.
Albert Banner
“It is the risk of living on the riverside.”
Margarie McFadzean
“Yes, but it is sweet on the riverside, sweet on the riverside.”
